It all depends on what your goals are. The magic will take place at the place where your water evaporates as that's where it will absorb heat. So:
If you want to prevent detonation: inject water as close to your cylinders as possible so it make the combustion slower and more stable while the water evaporates inside the cylinders. (ideally individual port water injection)
If you want to cool the intake temps for power: inject as far from the cylinder as possible so the water can all be evaporated before the cooled down air inters your cylinders.
If you want to make your turbo flow more air and reduce intake temps: inject before the turbo so it evaporates inside the turbo while the air expands during compression like "athousandsleaves" said.
Keep in mind you can inject so much water before the air is saturated in humidity. So make the right choices for your need.
You always want to inject the finest mist possible.
And also the more bends and obstacles to your air flow, the more the WI will become inefficient and it can pool in your IC and turn your intercooler into a heater.
Also inject water for cooling, and meth for making more power (raising octane).
I run no intercooler, E85, and pre/post water injection. no meth.